STAR PLOT

http://stratochem.com/?attachment_id=371
A star plot is a method used to determine relative values for a single data point. Star plots have a sequence of spokes. Each spoke represents one variable. The data length of the spoke is proportionate to the magnitude of the variable. Star plots are usually shown with numerous plots in one diagram, to compare and contrast observations.

SIMILARITY MATRIX

http://medanth.wikispaces.com/Triad+Test
A similarity matrix is a matrix of scores showing the similarity between two data points. The model is used in sequence alignment, higher scores are given to more-similar characters, while the lower ones are for the not so similar characters.  Matrices that are similar show the same linear changes under two different bases.

BOX PLOT

http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/boxplot.htm
Above is an example of a box plot, commonly used in mathematics and to display groups of numerical values in a way called the five number summary.  This includes the smallest value, the lower quartile, the median, the upper quartile, and the largest value. 

HISTOGRAM

http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.4/histograms.html
A histogram is a bar chart representing a frequency distribution. A histogram is different from a bar graph because in a histogram the bars must all touch each other so that the measured data measurements on the x-axis are continuous. The above chart shows the immigration of Northern Europe. The viewer can see that the Sweden has had the most amount of immigrants leave the country. 

PARALLEL COORDINATE GRAPH

http://www.evl.uic.edu/aej/424/kyoung/Training-parallelcoordinate.html
A parallel coordinate graph is a graph that shows information in several dimensions. Each variable is graphed on a vertical axis and each data element is plotted as a connected set of points, one on each axis.

TRIANGULAR PLOT

http://www.rockware.com/product/featuresLobby.php?id=165&category=368

A triangular plot is a two-dimensional map in which three variables are mapped. The ratios of the three variables are plotted as positions within an equilateral triangle. The above triangular plot shows the different rock types.

WINDROSE

http://nj.usgs.gov/grapher/tutorial/examples.html
A windrose is a diagram indicating compass directions on terms of eight principal winds. The above windrose shows the wind direction of the South Shore Met Station on December 31, 2010. The viewer can see that the wind blew the hardest in the north northwest direction.

CLIMOGRAPH

http://chiliweb.southalabama.edu/data_products.php
A climograph is a graphical representation of the average monthly precipitation and temperature at a given location. The above climograph shows the precipitation and temperature of south Alabama. The viewer can see that in March and December, rainfall is the heaviest of the year. 

POPULATION PROFILE

http://www.newcastlejsna.org.uk/book/export/html/1013
A population profile is a chart displaying the number of people as a function of their ages, also called a population pyramid. The above chart shows a representation of New Castle, England and its population. The viewer can see that the highest age population is between the ages of 20-24. 

SCATTERPLOT

http://onlinestatbook.com/chapter4/intro.html
A scatter plot is a relational chart that displays the X,Y coordinates on a grid. The correlation of the point helps the viewer understand the information displayed. The above chart represents the average ages in which a man and a woman get married after 30 years old. The viewer can see that most people get married before fifty years old and almost non get married after 85 years old.

INDEX VALUE PLOT

http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/onlamp/2005/11/17/r_for_statistics.html?page=2
An index value plot is a graph that displays the index value for each point, which is the ratio of the value to the total of all the values, instead of a concrete number. The above graph shows the S&P stocks and the changes occurred over the course of ten years.

ACCUMULATIVE LINE GRAPH

http://www.targetprocess.com/blog/2010/02/cumulative-flow-chart-in-kanban-real-usage-example.html
Accumulative line graphs have more than two variables that are being compared to each other. These graphs are very helpful to business, showing them how their productivity has effected the business itself.

BILATERAL GRAPH

http://www.iadb.org/intal/cartamensual/Cartas/Articulo.aspx?Id=b5ecd152-8858-41ae-b2b0-e9e16775bd34&lang=en
A bilateral graph is a graph displaying the changes with two related variables. A bilateral graph is used, most of the time, to show how the changes in one variable may affect the changes in another. The map above show the changes in exports and imports of the United States from 2003 to 2010.

NOMINAL AREA CHOROPLETH MAP

http://my.ilstu.edu/~jrcarter/Geo204/Choro/Tom/
This nominal area choropleth map shows a chloropleth map used to display data pr information which are typically categorized. Above is an example of a nominal choropleth map of California with the percent of black condo owners. The viewer can see that a majority of black condo owners reside in Southern California.

STANDARDIZED CHOROPLETH MAP

http://www.ij-healthgeographics.com/content/3/1/18/figure/F6
Standardized choropleth maps are more efficient for the viewer, in comparison in unstandardized choropleth maps. The above standardized choropleth map represent empirical Bayesian.

UNIVARIATE CHOROPLETH MAP

http://exchanges.history-compass.com/2008/11/03/debate-what-can-gis-offer-world-history/
An univariate chloropleth map is used to analyze one variable.  It uses standard classification methods, but is not quite as detailed. The above map shows the infant mortality rate of England. The viewer can see that London has a low infant mortality rate, and the further from the city, the higher the infant mortality rate increases. 

BIVARIATE CHOROPLETH MAP

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749379705003582
A bivariate chloropleth map is used to analyze two different factors visually, allowing the viewer to compare and contrast between the two variables. The above map shows the prostate cancer race comparison between the year 1970 to 1994. The viewer can see there is a higher rate of prostate cancer on the borders of the East coast. 

UNCLASSED CHOROPLETH MAP

http://oliverobrien.co.uk/2010/01/simple-choropleth-maps-in-quantum-gis/

Unclassed choropleth maps use a frequency curve with different intensity from the lowest to the highest values.

CLASSED CHOROPLETH MAP

http://my.ilstu.edu/~jrcarter/Geo204/Choro/Tom/
This map is an example of a classed choropleth map. This map uses different classes to allow the viewer to see difference in values around a certain area. The above map shows the percentage of persons who are Hispanic or Latino in the state of Florida. The viewer can see that a high percentage of Hispanics or Latinos live in south Florida near Miami.

RANGE GRADED PROPORTIONAL CIRCLE MAP

http://personal.frostburg.edu/castroup0/maps.htm

A range graded proportional circle map uses a set number of circles to convey the magnitude of the information. Each circle corresponds to a geographically distinct area. The map above shows the total murders per state, in the United States in 2009. The viewer can see that California and Florida are two states with some of the highest murders taken place in 2009. 

CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE PROPORTIONAL CIRCLE MAP

http://oliverobrien.co.uk/category/uncategorized/

A continuously variable proportional circle map map uses proportional circles to display change in magnitude of a any type of factor. The circles vary in all sizes to reflect all the different information.

DOQQ

http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/gis/doqq.html

Digital orthophoto quarter quad or DOQQ is an aerial photo that is digitally corrected so that the scale is uniform and has the same lack of distortion as a map. These are like aerial photos with the distortion removed. DOQQ maps are spatially accurate with different planimetric features appearing in their true geographic positions on the planet.

DEM

http://bard.wr.usgs.gov/getDEMSMap.html
Digital elevation model or DEM maps show the digital elevation of an area of land. The map above shows the digital elevation of Southern California. Digital elevation models use computer generated data that are plotted on a map and then filled in to create a three-dimensional map.

DLG

http://www.barthelmy.com/consulting/projects/proj_custom_data_MidContinent.htm

A Digital Line Graph or DLG is a cartographic map feature represented in digital vector form that is distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).  DLG maps use a format that stores vector data in ASCII or binary files.

DRG

http://www.forestpal.com/DRGs.html
Digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scan from the USGS series of topographic maps. The scan shows all the cartographic data, as well as spatial data. The above map displays Lake Michigan and its surrounding landscape.

ISOPLETH

http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/maplib/archive/ntn/2002/default.html
This is an example of an isopleth map. These types of maps display a data set through visualization. For this map, hydrogen ion concentration is measured by ph and portrayed for the southern United States. The scale is given to help the viewer interpret the different colors and some of the data collected is already displayed on the map using numbers.

ISOPACH

http://www.geoexpro.com/article/The_Only_Complete_Regional_Perspective/c3301c49.aspx
The map above is an example of a isopach map. The map displays thick depositional trends, like fairways, and the location of deep water fan systems. Water wells are also represented to demonstrate their position relative to the depositional system.

ISOHYETS

http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/pastwx/mws201206.htm
The map above is an example of an isohyet map. Isohyets are equal lines of precipitation whether from a storm or hurricane. The map above is displaying a storm over southern Asia.

ISOTACHS

http://www.erh.noaa.gov/gsp/localdat/cases/2010/4-6FebWinterStorm/4-6FebruaryWinterStorm.html
This is an example of an isotach map. These maps display data about different wind speeds across the World. After collecting the wind speed data, a line is connected to the wind speeds of the same speed. This map displays wind speeds over the southern United States.

ISOBARS

http://funnel.sfsu.edu/courses/metr104/F10/labs/lab.05-II.html
Isobar maps show lines of equal pressure. The tighter the gradient between the lines means a higher wind pressure. Strong low pressure systems have a tighter pressure gradient between the isobars. This map shows the air pressure over the United States.

LIDAR

http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s798.htm
This is an example of a LIDAR map. It displays New York City in an almost three-dimensional aspect. It works by using lasers to measure a certain area. By retrieving measurements overtime, a change in the landscape can be seen.

DOPPLER RADAR

http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2004/s2311.htm
This is an image that was taken by the Doppler Radar. It shows a storm or hurricane that is near south Florida. The Doppler Radar uses colors to show the intensity of the storm or hurricane. Red represents a very severe storm and green, like shown in the photo above, for calmer storms or hurricanes.

BLACK & WHITE AERIAL PHOTO

http://www.terragalleria.com/black-white/california/picture.usca10077-bw.html
Black and white aerial photos are just like normal and infrared photos. This is an example of a black and white aerial photo. The green land is represented as black, and the buildings are displayed in white. The viewer can still see roads and all other natural and man-made features.

INFRARED AERIAL PHOTO

http://cae2k.com/photos-of-roma-0/infrared-aerial-photo.html
An infrared aerial photo is the same as a regular aerial photo, except for the change in colors. Normally there would be greens and blues, but with infrared, black and red are replaced. Infrared aerial photos are useful by showing urban areas in black and the natural landscape is viewed in red.

CARTOGRAPHIC ANIMATION

http://www.katrina.noaa.gov
Cartographic animation is a map with visuals that are representing current or future weather conditions. The animations can display change over a period of time and display images one after another, to show changing effects. This cartographic animation shows a hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico. This is only a picture, but the animation would show the future and past path of the hurricane, in order to inform people of the conditions.

STATISTICAL MAP

http://www3.uakron.edu/src/DataServ/Abstract/
Statistical maps show variations in quantity of a factor that effects an area. This statistical map shows the mean travel time of people traveling to work in the United States. North Dakota and South Dakota are the only two states that have the lowest total time people need to get to work. California, Georgia, Illinois, and New York are the four states with the highest mean travel time people need to get to work.

CARTOGRAMS

http://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/0110/cartograms.html
This map is an example of a cartogram. The boundaries of a cartogram map are exaggerated, showing a relationship between data or values, making a country smaller or larger than it really is. This cartogram represents the World's population, showing that Asia, India, and Russia are twice as large as other continents, meaning a higher percentage of the population live in those areas.

FLOW MAP

http://www.spatialdatamining.org/software/flowmap
Flow maps are a mixture between flow charts and a map. It shows the movement of an object or objects from one location to another location. The lines on the map represent the moving, flowing, or migrating objects. This map represent the major airports in the United States and their connecting airports. Areas on the map where may lines come from one point, show the highly used airports by people.

ISOLINE MAP

http://www.lostmanmaps.com/gallery.html
Isoline maps represents certain trends in an area. The lines on the map portray whether the trend is increasing or decreasing. This map shows the annual precipitation of Washington in 1996. The viewer can tell that there are high amounts of rain  near the coast of Washington. There was less than 20 inches of rain in 1996, in the middle of the state of Washington.

PROPORTIONAL CIRCLE MAP

https://www.agronomy.org/publications/aj/articles/102/4/1158
Proportional circle maps are used to represent particular information or values with the use of circles. The bigger circles represent larger values, while the smaller circles represent smaller values or data.  This is an example of a proportional circle map, showing switch grass biomass yields across the United States, predicted by the empirical model. The black circles show the observed upland yield, and the red circles show the lowland yield of switch grass.

CHOROPLETH MAP

http://www.cartozine.com/2012/05/05/unemployment-choropleth-map/

This is an example of a choropleth map representing unemployment of the United States between November 2010 and December 2011. The areas on a choropleth map are shaded by statistical data collected, in this case it's unemployment. From looking at the map, Florida and California are the two states with the highest levels of unemployment.

DOT DISTRIBUTION MAP

http://hosting.soonet.ca/eliris/remotesensing/bl130lec7.html

This is an example of a dot distribution map, portraying the distribution of cities in the United States. Dot distribution maps show quantitative data, represented by a dot that shows the information portrayed with each map. The areas where dots are barely visible, show the areas of the United States with a high density population. 

PROPAGANDA MAP

http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/magnificentmaps/propaganda/

This is an example of a propaganda map. These maps are made to influence people and the way they might think about a certain issue. These maps can be made by anyone trying to express their opinion or by the government trying to pursued people to vote for a certain political party. 

HYPSOMETRIC MAP

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sulawesi_Topography.png

This is a hypsometric map that shows the island of Sulawesi, near Indonesia. Hypsometric maps represent different elevations through the use of shading. From looking at this map, one can see that Sulawesi has land elevations as high as 2500 meters. The land close to sea-level is shaded in green and the highest points are shaded in white.

PLSS MAP

https://malegislature.gov/District/ContentPage/WhyAreTownsOddShapes

This is a PLSS map that represents the county boundaries across the United States. The Public Land Survey System (PLSS) is used to subdivide and display public domain land. The PLSS started after the Land Ordinance of 1785 was passed.

CADASTRAL MAP

http://www.geshergalicia.org/projects/cadastral-map-and-landowner-records/

This is an example of a cadastral map representing Drobromil, Ukraine. Cadastral maps show how an area of land is parceled out by ownership. This map shows all the buildings in the town of Drobromil. This particular cadastral map has added details like building numbers and street name, which are not required. This type of map is helpful in environmental and emergency planning.

THEMATIC MAP

http://geometrx.com/common-ground-news-trivia-maps/

This thematic map shows the annual snowfall of the United States in January of 2012. The southern states on the map are warmer like Florida, so it shows that there was little to no snowfall in 2012. Thematic maps represent a certain theme of an area.

TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

http://www.adirondacknorthway.com/mappages/mount_marcytopo.php

This is a topographic map of Mount Marcy, the highest point of elevation in New York. Topographic maps use contour lines to represent a third-demension relief of an area. Unlike planimetric maps, these maps show natural and made-made reliefs.

MENTAL MAP

www.grammarmindmaps.com

This is a mental map that represents the present simple tense. A mental map is a diagram used to help a person brainstorm or organize different facts that share a common idea. These maps all share a common central point, with relating facts branching from the center.

PLANIMETRIC MAP

http://transportation.fsu.edu/parking/Campus%20Map.html

This is a planimetric map of Florida State University. The purpose of this map is to help people using FSU's parking lots and garages, but even someone walking on campus could find this map useful. Planimetric maps are a horizontal and two-demensional representation of an area of land. Planimetric maps do not show any man-made or natural features. They are also known as line maps.